Ty - Gall Stones, Kidney Stones and Fatty Liver - Told 2/23/2023
Ty got CT or MRI for kidney pains Wednesday, 2/22/2023
Ty called wit CT or MRI test results: many small kidney stones, gall stones and Fatty Liver. Thursday, 2/23/2023
Resources:
Information About Fatty Liver Disease from Gastrointestinal Society of Australia
What causes fatty liver? Fatty liver is not caused simply by eating fatty foods. It is associated with health problems such as: Most commonly • Obesity (about 20% of people considered obese have fatty liver disease) • High blood cholesterol and triglycerides • Type 2 diabetes mellitus • Heavy alcohol use Less common causes • Underactive thyroid • Certain drugs • Polycystic ovary syndrome • Complications late in pregnancy
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver - 2022
The most important complications of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the descending order are:
- Cardiovascular disease
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- End-stage liver disease
Stages:
- Stage 0: No fibrosis
- Stage 1: Zone 3 perisinusoidal fibrosis only
- Stage 2: Zone 3 perisinusoidal and periportal fibrosis
- Stage 3: Bridging fibrosis
- Stage 4: Cirrhosis
Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies Related to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - 2022 with 19 pages. Lists experimental treatments.
.Although patients with mild NAFL are considered to show no obvious clinical symptoms, patients with long-term NAFL may culminate in NASH and further liver fibrosis. Even though various drugs are able to improve NAFLD, there are no FDA-approved medications that directly treat NAFLD.
Chernobyl - April 26, 1986
What kind of radiation were the people exposed to at Chernobyl?
Radiation released during the Chernobyl accident. Workers and the public were exposed to three main types of radionuclides: iodine-131, cesium-134 and cesium-137. When iodine-131 is released into the environment, it is quickly transferred to humans and taken up by the thyroid gland. Mar 9, 2022
Can you get radiation from another person Chernobyl?
Radiation cannot be spread from person to person. Small quantities of radioactive materials occur naturally in the air, drinking water, food and our own bodies. People also can come into contact with radiation through medical procedures, such as X-rays and some cancer treatments.
- K Ulriksen
I had a friend who worked on monitoring station for Chernobyl before it blew. His family and him lived in Kiev. While their older child, a daughter, doesn't have many problems, their son who was an infant at the time of the meltdown has bone's and teeth that are extremely brittle. At 8 years old, he had to be fitted for a full set of dentures. So they didn't die, but their lives were definitely negatively impacted by the incident. As some one who worked on the monitoring, he knew that the truth was being told about the extent of the damage. Consequently, he immigrated to the U.S.
Nuclear Accident Crisis and Liver Disease: A Summary on Evidences
International research teams explore genetic effects of Chernobyl radiation
NIH - National Cancer Institute Posted: April 22, 2021
Reproductive Effects of Exposure to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation: A Long-Term Follow-Up of Immigrant Women Exposed to the Chernobyl Accident
2020 Journal of Clinical Medicine Ben Gurion University Full text
Chronic Contamination with 137Cesium in Rat: Effect on Liver Cholesterol Metabolism
effect on humans and liver, five pages, International Journal of Toxicology
Chernobyl Caesium-137
More than twenty years after the Chernobyl accident, attention focuses mainly on one particular radioactive nucleus : caesium-137. Iodine-131, dreadful in the weeks following the disaster, has disappeared because of its 8 days radioactive half-life (or period)
. On the contrary, because of their periods of thirty years, the effects of cesium-137, and to a lesser degree those of one other radioactive element, strontium-90, are still being felt.
The thirty years caesium half-lfe offers an advantage: it is 1400 times less active than iodine-131. But it carries a drawback: it disappears very slowly.
A French respected intitution, the IRSN, estimates that that 80,000 cesium-137 terabecquerels were released into the environment, i.e. 30 to 40% of the amount present in the the damaged reactor core. The Becquerel (Bq) is a very small unit. One uses instead the TBq unit (one million of million of Bq) to represent the Chernobyl releases.
Caesium had disappeared since a long time from the atmosphere after its deposition on the ground. Almost all deposits are found in shallow depth, because migration of this chemical element with minerals is low. It slowly sinks into the ground. More than twelve years after the accident, caesium was concentrated in the top 5 cm of plant litter, contaminating mainly young wood roots and fungi. Near Chernobyl, the interception of radioactive dust and aerosols by the foliage and then the leaf drop, led to a localized contamination of forest litter on an area of about 40 000 km2. In some areas near the plant, a few centimeters at the surface were removed or covered with uncontaminated soil. This cleanup has reduced the amount of cesium by a factor of 10 to 100.
Caesium contamination, carefully followed by radiation protection agencies, has been the subject of 60 000 measurements since the accident. One observes leopard skin patches of contaminations that follow the pattern of iodine-131 spread in 1986.
Risk of Solid Cancers following Radiation Exposure: Estimates for the UK Population 270 pages, 2011
Page 114 and following
3.7 Liver 3.7.1 General epidemiology Liver cancer is the third most common cause of cancer death worldwide, but is relatively rare in the UK (Parkin et al, 2005). Liver cancer is highly fatal, but the mortality data are unreliable because metastatic cancers from other organs are often misclassified as liver cancer at death certification. Only a little over 50% of liver cancers reported on death certificates in the USA are attributable to primary liver cancer (Percy et al, 1990). Misclassified diagnoses can either underestimate or overestimate the association with radiation exposure, depending upon the organs from which cancer metastases occurred. The two major types of primary liver cancer are liver cell (or hepatocellular) carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma, which differ in aetiology and pathology. In the UK, there have been reported 30–50% increases in overall liver cancer mortality and incidence rates, with a more marked increase in cholangiocarcinoma, in the last two decades (West et al, 2006). Liver cell carcinomas are the predominant type of liver cancer in many populations and attributable largely (80–95%) to infection with hepatitis B or C virus (Parkin, 2006). Worldwide, hepatitis B virus infection is more prevalent than hepatitis C viral infection, except for Japan where liver cancers are mostly attributable to hepatitis C viral infection (Tanaka et al, 1994; Parkin et al, 2005). Excessive alcohol consumption is an acknowledged cause of HCC (IARC, 1988), but how alcohol consumption interacts with hepatitis viral infection in the pathogenesis of liver cell carcinoma is not well understood. Aflatoxin, a product of the fungus Aspergillus species, is an important cause of liver cancer in geographical areas where contamination of food with this toxin is common. Cholangiocarcinomas originating from the intrahepatic bile duct are likely to be similar to cancer of the extrahepatic bile duct and gallbladder cancer in their aetiology, and are more frequent in females than in males. High rates of cholangiocarcinoma have been linked to the endemic occurrence of liver fluke infection in certain areas of Thailand (Parkin et al, 2005; Thomas et al, 2006).
References:
Environmental toxin-induced acute kidney injury
In particular, environmental toxins, to which we are unintentionally exposed via oral, inhalational or transdermal routes, are a common yet underappreciated cause of kidney injury. The high vulnerability of the kidney can be explained by its main physiological features, such as the highest blood flow per 100 g tissue, the largest endothelial surface by weight, highly active multiple metabolizing enzyme systems, the high concentration of filtered chemicals in tubular fluid adjacent to tubular cells, protein unbinding of chemical compounds in the tubules and further intrarenal biotransformation of chemicals.
Aristolochic, Melamine, Metal-induced Nephropathy, Cadmium, Lead and Mercury.
In contrast to the majority of disease aetiologies, identifying the precise cause and mechanism of environmentally induced renal injury remains a daunting task involving many scientific disciplines, as evidenced above. Investigations in this field are particularly challenged by the apparent infinite types of toxins, their mutual interaction and handling/metabolization by the body.
Kidney and heavy metals - The role of environmental exposure (Review)
Lithium, Cisplatin, Cadmium, Arsenic, Mercury and Lead.
Mysterious kidney disease traced to plant toxins
One plant examined in this article.
The plant, Aristolochia clematitis—more commonly known as birthwort—can surely be called beautiful, but within it lurks a poison. Over the past few decades, researchers have identified a family of compounds in the plant, collectively called aristolochic acids (AAs), as the cause of a severe kidney disease endemic to this region, as well as the cause of multiple types of cancer.
Factitious Disorders (FDIA)
How do you prove FDIA?
According to DSM 5, the following criteria must be met in order to make the diagnosis of FDIA:
- The Perpetrator engages in the deceptive falsification of physical or psychological signs or symptoms, or of induction of injury or disease in another;
- The Perpetrator presents the victim to other as ill, impaired or injured;
What is an example of a somatic delusion?
Some examples of common somatic delusions include: Fears of infestation or infection. People with somatic delusions often believe they've been infected by parasites that have taken over their internal organs, or by tiny insects that have burrowed under their skin to lay their eggs. Distorted body image.
Factitious disorders 1 Early recognition and management of fabricated or induced illness in children 10 pages Lancet 2014
Personality disorder Very few studies have been done of personality in female perpetrators. In a systematic study of personality in 19 mothers with fabricated or induced illness (two-thirds with evidence of deception), high rates of personality disorder were identified in 17 (89%) mothers, with antisocial, histrionic, borderline, avoidant, and narcissistic categories being most frequently identifi ed.29 Some mothers had more than one personality disorder. In a German study, three of four mothers had a personality disorder, with paranoid personality diagnosed in two mothers.37 Borderline personality disorder in particular is associated with marked difficulties in mother–infant interaction.38
Munchausen's Syndrome and Other Factitious Disorders in Children
Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another (FDIA) Cleveland Clinic
Whether the false medical claims are about someone else or yourself, this condition can be dangerous. It can lead to unnecessary medical tests and even procedures while the healthcare team tries to figure out what’s wrong with the patient. When a child is involved, FDIA is considered a form of child abuse by the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children.
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